Position a rack in the centre of your oven and preheat it to 350°F. Line two cupcake tins with cupcake papers. In a small bowl, mix together the bananas and sour cream and set aside.
In a medium-sized bowl, add the flour, baking powder, and salt. Whisk to combine and set aside.
In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a paddle attachment, beat the butter on medium speed for about a minute. Gradually add the sugar. Stop the mixer and use a spatula to scrape the sides of the bowl. Continue mixing on medium speed for 5–8 minutes or until the mixture becomes pale and fluffy.
Crack the eggs into a small bowl, turn the mixer to low, and add the eggs one by one, then add the vanilla. Mix for 30 seconds. Stop the mixer and scrape the bowl, then turn the mixer to medium-high speed and mix for about a minute or until everything is well combined.
Stop the mixer, scrape down the sides of the bowl, and continue to mix on low speed. Slowly add the banana and sour cream mixture. Turn the mixer to medium speed and continue to mix for about a minute or until well combined. (The mixture may split, and that is okay.)
Turn the mixer to low speed and slowly add the flour mixture. Turn the mixer to medium speed and continue to mix for 2 minutes or until well combined.
Using a cookie scoop or spoon, scoop the batter into the prepared pans, filling each well about two-thirds full. Bake the cupcakes for 20–25 minutes or until a toothpick inserted into the centres comes out clean.
Let the cupcakes cool for 10 minutes, then carefully remove them from the pans and transfer them to a wire rack to cool completely (about half an hour) before frosting.
While the cupcakes are cooling, prepare the browned butter buttercream frosting. Then refer to How to Fill a Cupcake with Filling or Buttercream (below), using the caramel filling and the browned butter buttercream for icing the cupcakes.